Bill Nye - Video Questions
1. The ocean plays a key role in this vital cycle of water. The ocean holds 97% of the total water on the planet; 78% of global precipitation occurs over the ocean, and it is the source of 86% of global evaporation. Besides affecting the amount of atmospheric water vapor and hence rainfall, evaporation from the sea surface is important in the movement of heat in the climate system.
2.Rain is formed from condensed water, so it is relatively pure. As it falls through the atmosphere, it will dissolve gasses into it. Natural rainwater is slighly acidic because dissolved carbon dioxide in the water forms carbonic acid.
3. Salty water is heavier because all the matter that is found in the water makes it heavier rather than the water that has nothing on it.
4. The water in England is warmer because it is in the path of a current that brings the warm water throughout the region.
5.An ocean current is a continuous, directed movement of ocean water generated by the forces acting upon this mean flow, such as breaking waves, wind, Coriolis effect, cabbeling, temperature and salinity differences and tides caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun. Depth contours, shoreline configurations and interaction with other currents influence a current's direction and strength. A deep current is any ocean current at a depth of greater than 100m.
6.The term thermohaline circulation (THC) refers to a part of the large-scale ocean circulation that is driven by global density gradients created by surface heat and freshwater fluxes.[1][2] The adjective thermohaline derives from thermo- referring to temperature and -haline referring to salt content, factors which together determine the density of sea water. Wind-driven surface currents (such as the Gulf Stream) travel polewards from the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, cooling en route, and eventually sinking at high latitudes (forming North Atlantic Deep Water).
7.A self-locating datum marker buoy (SLDMB) is a drifting surface buoy designed to measure surface ocean currents. The design is based on those of the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment (CODE) and Davis-style oceanographic surface drifters – National Science Foundation (NSF) funded experiments exploring ocean surface currents.
8.Underwater creatures have physiologically adapted to the way water flows in their natural environments. The importance of this is often underestimated, but when you think about it, makes a great deal of sense. Fishes used to strong currents are strong swimmers and moreover, need the exercise to maintain metabolic health, easily becoming overweight and unhealthy in still waters.
9. The Great Salt lake and the Dead Sea are salty because these two bodies of water are located in an area where they are the lowest point to the closet mountains or valleys and are closed off with no way to release the income of water. When it rains the nutrients and minerals get washed down to the bodies of water and remains there.
10. The heat causes the warmer water to collect and the colder northern waters rotate to get the distribution of the water movement going around.
11. The ocean that has the most powerful current is the Atlantic Ocean.
12. Mars cannot have an ocean because the atmosphere is way too cold and doesnt allow the water that is present to unfreeze and collect in a body of water.
13. Many things in the ocean rely on the currents. The currents in the ocean distribute food, warm water and minerals around the whole world. Species also rely on the currents to make global trips around the world with the currents aiding them in the travel to their destination.
2.Rain is formed from condensed water, so it is relatively pure. As it falls through the atmosphere, it will dissolve gasses into it. Natural rainwater is slighly acidic because dissolved carbon dioxide in the water forms carbonic acid.
3. Salty water is heavier because all the matter that is found in the water makes it heavier rather than the water that has nothing on it.
4. The water in England is warmer because it is in the path of a current that brings the warm water throughout the region.
5.An ocean current is a continuous, directed movement of ocean water generated by the forces acting upon this mean flow, such as breaking waves, wind, Coriolis effect, cabbeling, temperature and salinity differences and tides caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun. Depth contours, shoreline configurations and interaction with other currents influence a current's direction and strength. A deep current is any ocean current at a depth of greater than 100m.
6.The term thermohaline circulation (THC) refers to a part of the large-scale ocean circulation that is driven by global density gradients created by surface heat and freshwater fluxes.[1][2] The adjective thermohaline derives from thermo- referring to temperature and -haline referring to salt content, factors which together determine the density of sea water. Wind-driven surface currents (such as the Gulf Stream) travel polewards from the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, cooling en route, and eventually sinking at high latitudes (forming North Atlantic Deep Water).
7.A self-locating datum marker buoy (SLDMB) is a drifting surface buoy designed to measure surface ocean currents. The design is based on those of the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment (CODE) and Davis-style oceanographic surface drifters – National Science Foundation (NSF) funded experiments exploring ocean surface currents.
8.Underwater creatures have physiologically adapted to the way water flows in their natural environments. The importance of this is often underestimated, but when you think about it, makes a great deal of sense. Fishes used to strong currents are strong swimmers and moreover, need the exercise to maintain metabolic health, easily becoming overweight and unhealthy in still waters.
9. The Great Salt lake and the Dead Sea are salty because these two bodies of water are located in an area where they are the lowest point to the closet mountains or valleys and are closed off with no way to release the income of water. When it rains the nutrients and minerals get washed down to the bodies of water and remains there.
10. The heat causes the warmer water to collect and the colder northern waters rotate to get the distribution of the water movement going around.
11. The ocean that has the most powerful current is the Atlantic Ocean.
12. Mars cannot have an ocean because the atmosphere is way too cold and doesnt allow the water that is present to unfreeze and collect in a body of water.
13. Many things in the ocean rely on the currents. The currents in the ocean distribute food, warm water and minerals around the whole world. Species also rely on the currents to make global trips around the world with the currents aiding them in the travel to their destination.
Temperature, Salinity, and Density Presentation.
Salinity and temperature of the ocean rise or fall (indicated by arrows) in response to rainfall, evaporation and solar radiation. These properties affect seawater density, causing water to sink or rise (indicated by arrows). All of these factors combine to create layers of differentiated values which drive the ocean currents. These currents circulate the globe seeking equilibrium in water conditions, though since water is always being recycled and temperatures change over day and night, the currents always continue.
Water Buoyancy Lab
The Cone-5000So my initial design had the dimensions:
8cm across & 5 cm in height. This design was proven good and i estimated 15 pennies at the beginning and it ended up holding 35 pennies ! The design was good because it was stable when the pennies were placed inside it and it displaced the The second design was identical in shape and size.
Dimensions: 7cm across & 6 cm in height. So this design had more height and was a lot thinner. This helped in taking in a lot more weight and was stable throughout the whole duration The ending result of pennies was: 39! |
Water Density(Salinity) Lab
Temperature and salinity (the amount of dissolved salts in the water) affect the density of the water. Ocean salinity differs by small numbers, so oceanographers need to be accurate when measuring salinity. Changes in density caused by wind and currents at the surface affects the deep-ocean currents. Density ultimately affects the objects that are existing in the water, such as whales, seaweed, and submarines. The saltier the water, the more buoyant an object becomes.
The Properties of Water
Properties of Water
Key Terms:
Polarity: refers to a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole or multipole moment.
Cohesion: is the action or property of molecules sticking together, being mutually attractive. This is an intrinsic property of a substance that is caused by the shape and structure of its molecules.
Adhesion: is the tendency of dissimilar particles or surfaces to cling to one another (cohesion refers to the tendency of similar or identical particles/surfaces to cling to one another).
Capillary Action: is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, and in opposition to external forces like gravity.
Surface Tension: is a contractive tendency of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force. Some objects on the surface of water, even though they are denser than water, and in the ability of some insects.
Specific Heat: is the measurable physical quantity that shows the amount of heat required to change the temperature of an object or body by a given amount.
Hydrogen Bond: is the electromagnetic attractive interaction between polar molecules in which hydrogen (H) is bound to a highly electronegative atom.
Questions:
1. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about water's structure.
d. The chemical formula for water is H20.
2. One side of the water molecule has a positive charge, while the other side has a negative charge. What do the
charges indicate about the molecule?
a. Water is a polar molecule.
3.Bonds that form between water molecules are called ____________________bonds.
****Hydrogen Bonds*****
4. 4. True or False? Hydrogen bonds are strong and require a lot of energy to break.
****FALSE****
5. The tendency for water molecules to stick to other water molecules is called _____________________. **** Cohesion***
6. A force that acts on the particles of a liquid at the surface is called _______________________________. ****Surface Tension****
7. How does surface tension force the surface of water to curve?
In liquid water, each water molecule is pulled in all directions by other water molecules. At the surface of the water, however, the attractive force of other water molecules pulls only downward and sideways.
8. The tendency for water molecules to be attracted and stick to other substances is called
_______________________________. **** Adhesion****
9. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about water's surface tension.
d. It causes raindrops to form round beads.
10. What is a curved surface in a graduated cylinder called? A _____________________
****meniscus****
11. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about capillary action.
b. It is due to the attraction among molecules of water and surrounding materials.
12. How does capillary action allow water to climb up the sides of a straw?
Capillary action is the combined force of attraction among water
molecules and with the molecules of surrounding materials causing a liquid to climb upward against the force of gravity.
13. A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another is called a(n)______________________ . ****Solution****
The substance that does the dissolving is called a(n) __________________________________ . ****Solvent****
14. Why can water dissolve many substances?
Called the universal solvent because it can dissolve more substances than any
other known substance. The main property of water that makes it such a good solvent is its polarity.
15. Circle the letter of each substance that dissolves in water.
*****a. salt *****
16. A substance that hates, or “fears” water is called __________________________
**** Hydrophobic****
17. The amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a certain mass of a substance by 1°C is its
________________________________. **** Specific Heat****
18. True or False? Compared with other substances, water requires a lot of heat to increase its temperature. ****TRUE****
19. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about water's specific heat.
c. It makes large bodies of water cool off more slowly than nearby land.
20. How does the high specific heat of water affect your body?
The high specific heat of water also helps your body to maintain a constant internal environment.
Matching
1. **E**
2.**G**
3.**A**
4.**F**
5.**D**
6.**B**
7.**C**
History Of Earth- Video Summary
Biological and geological change has been constantly occurring on our planet since the time of its formation. Organisms continuously evolve, taking on new forms or going extinct in response to an ever-changing planet.
The process of plate tectonics has played a major role in the shaping of Earth's oceans and continents, as well as the life they harbor. The biosphere, in turn, has had a significant effect on the atmosphere and other abiotic conditions on the planet, such as the formation of the ozone layer, the proliferation of oxygen, and the creation of soil. Pictures: Top : Earths Beginning Middle : Earths Ice Age Bottom : Current Day Earth |